The antimicrobial of chitin and chitosan extracted from shrimp shell (Palameon elegans)

Palaemon elegans are distributed over a wide coastline of ocean and sea waters. distilled form (chitosan) is a natural polymer with antimicrobial properties that is naturally present in the exoskeleton of crustaceans, including shrimp. Chitin and chitosan are widely used in the pharmaceutical, cosmetic, agricultural, biomedical, food preparation and storage industries. 977 pieces of P. elegans shrimp with an average total length of 34.96 mm and a weight of 1.17 gr were caught on the shores of Guilan province with a sampling drij. The shrimps were transported to the laboratory in zippered bags containing ice and identified as crustaceans. Shrimp shells were separated from meat waste manually, then the cleaned shells were placed in a well-ventilated environment for dehydration and drying. After drying, the shells were ground and passed through a sieve.Elimination of mineral compounds was achieved by using 2Normal hydrochloric acid, removal of protein compounds with 5% sodium hydroxide, removal of pigment compounds with 3% sodium hypochlorite and finally removal of acetyl groups from the chitin obtained from chitosan.Chitin and chitosan obtained from shrimp shell were calculated 18.9% and 17.4%, respectively.The antimicrobial properties of the extracted chitin and chitosan on 5 bacterial strains were investigated by disk diffusion method according to NCCLS instructions. There was a significant difference in the susceptibility of gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria in chitin and chitosan in shrimp shell (P <0.05). The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and minimum bactericidal concentration (MBC) for chitin were between 125-500 and 250-5000 micrograms per liter, respectively. The minimum concentration ranges of MIC and MBC for chitosan were between 250-1000 and 500-1000 μg / l, respectively. The highest inhibition of bacterial growth (mm) in chitin and chitosan in K. pneumonia was 10.56 ± 0.08 and 15.16± 0.24, respectively. Chitosan had a higher growth inhibition ratio than chitin.